This is the first of a monthly series about being a(n international) PhD student/candidate in the Netherlands. All information is unofficial and different unis/faculties/groups work differently — your mileage may vary.
At the end of my first year, a colleague lent me Promoveren, a book on being a PhD candidate in the Netherlands, which covers the whole process of finding a position to the defense. Unfortunately it was in Dutch, so it’s useless for foreigners. Whilst reading it, I became so annoyed I almost threw it against a wall (because it described experiences that I had expected to get, but wasn’t getting), but as it wasn’t my copy I couldn’t do that, so I bought my own, which is surprisingly still intact.
If you’re considering coming to the Netherlands for a PhD, then the system could be different to what you’re familiar with in your own country. In Australia, most students apply for a scholarship from the university and provide their own topic (with assistance from their future supervisor) in the application. In the Netherlands, promovendi (the plural of promovendus (male) or promovenda (female)) are considered employees and are paid a salary, either by the university or from external funding. Only a few are on scholarships. (We don’t get student cards either, so there’s no student discounts for cinemas, concerts, museums etc.) Most positions are therefore advertised like a “real job”, including the topic to be researched, and one applicant is chosen for a particular position.
If it is possible, it’s useful to have a face-to-face interview and check out the uni and town. I came for my interview from Hamburg, where I was on holiday at the time. It was a long day, and I arrived an hour late due to some stuffup on the trains (welcome to the Netherlands!), but I got to see the university, have lunch with some future colleagues, talk to my supervisors, and have a look around Eindhoven. It appeared I was in town on a non-PSV home game day, so everything looked pretty reasonable.
Some of the questions recommended in Promoveren to ask during the interview are:
- Will I be attached to a research school? (In the Netherlands, most candidates follow specialised courses through a research school rather than the university. This includes courses in your subject area, as well as presentation and writing skills courses.)
- Will I have my own computer? Are the required experimental facilities available? Is it possible to work from home?
- Am I required to take courses/subjects? Am I required to teach courses/subjects?
- Is there budget to attend conferences/summer schools?
- Who are my supervisors? How often will we meet? Will I have a daily supervisor?
- Are there opportunities to present work to and discuss work with the group at e.g., seminars, lunch meetings?
To this I would add (although some of these are more relevant to Human Resources):
- Will I have to learn Dutch? If so, will the uni pay for courses? Which language are important notices/emails from the department/uni in? Are there courses/opportunities to improve my English?
- What support is there at the uni for the international community, e.g., help with tax, housing issues, English news, cross-cultural differences courses, counselling? What support is there for my partner? (The TU/e has improved significantly in this area since I arrived.)
Of course, it’s possible for supervisors/HR to “fiddle” the answers to these questions and to show you the best side of the group. My future colleagues spoke in English during lunch — this turned out to be a bit of a show as that was (and is still) not my experience as a proper employee. I wrote in my notes from the interview that seminars were every two to three weeks. However, the amount of seminars/group meetings in my first year was well below that. I’m not sure if this was a blip in that almost everyone happened to cancel/forget or if it was always that disorganised. So be warned that you might be getting a warped picture, although what I was told about the weather was spot on.
Probably the most useful thing my future supervisor did was put me in touch with some former employees who now live in Melbourne. This was a great way of getting information. In particular, I am incredibly grateful to Claudia, for her help and support over the last three and a half years — I didn’t believe her at the time that it would be so frustrating, but she was right. I only wish I’d also been able to read Promoveren, as it would have been helpful to understand more about the bigger picture and I could have been even more prepared for entering the Dutch academic system.
Promoveren: een wegwijzer voor de beginnend wetenschapper (Herman Lelieveldt, 2007, 3rd edition) can be found in bookstores. Some excerpts from the first edition can be found in English at Science.
Next month: skipping from the pre-beginning to the end — what happens during a Dutch defense (promotie).
Two colleagues kindly provided feedback on this post. One (who doesn’t travel everyday) would like me to mention that the trains are not that bad, the other (who travels everyday) assures me they are.
Are you thinking of coming to the Netherlands for a doctorate? Are you here already? Are you an international PhD candidate in another country? What do you wish you’d known or asked before you started?
